Writing on a chalkboard
Collection

Teaching Effectiveness Frameworks

This collection highlights a range of teaching effectiveness frameworks developed for higher education contexts, primarily research-intensive institutions. These frameworks provide analytical approaches to understand the elements of teaching.

Updated February 2025
Michael Palmer headshot
Barbara Fried Director & Professor
Office of the Executive Vice President and Provost
View Bio
01

Holistic Teaching Effectiveness Framework (UVA)

This framework describes four primary domains of teaching activity, possible criteria for assessing each activity, and likely sources of evidence demonstrating effectiveness.

Headshot of Michael Palmer
Michael Palmer

This framework, which is situated in the UVA context, broadly conceives of teaching as four sets of activities: 1) course design and traditional teaching practices, 2) mentoring and directing students, 3) reflection and continuous growth, and 4) teaching service and scholarship.

View excerpt
Was this resource helpful?
02

Benchmarks for Teaching Effectiveness (University of Kansas)

Kansas University Center for Teaching Excellence

This rubric, which was part of a multi-institutional project called TEval, is situated in the Kansas University context and identifies seven dimensions of teaching activities.

Headshot of Michael Palmer
Michael Palmer

While most of the dimensions of teaching activity align closely with other frameworks, I particularly appreciate the robust attention to their conception of “Involvement in Teaching Service, Scholarship, or Community,” and I especially appreciate the many examples of evidence.

View excerpt

Benchmarks for Teaching Effectiveness

Kansas University Center for Teaching Excellence
Open resource

Evaluation in the Involvement in Teaching Service, Scholarship, or Community should focus on the instructor's contributions to the broader teaching community, both on and off campus:

  • Teaching related presentations at KU or elsewhere.
  • Attending or organizing teaching institutes.
  • Serving as a guest teacher at other institutions, for outside associations, or in the community.
  • Developing course materials, such as textbooks or websites.
  • Applying for and receiving grants in support of teaching or publishing articles related to teaching.
  • Participating in outreach to local schools (K–12) or other forums.
  • Mentoring new faculty members in their role as a teacher.
  • Coordinating courses within a program or developing a new course.
  • Supporting teaching at the unit level by developing new materials for general use; creating infrastructure for labs, studios, or field work; seeking grant support for teaching; recruiting students.
Was this resource helpful?
03

Teaching Effectiveness Framework (Colorado State University)

Colorado State University

Colorado State University's Teaching Effectiveness Framework is comprised of seven essential, interrelated domains of effective teaching practices, each grounded in the scholarship of teaching and learning.

Headshot of Michael Palmer
Michael Palmer

Anchoring CSU's Developing and Evaluating Teaching Toolkit, this robust framework centers on seven domains of effective teaching: Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Curriculum/Curricular Alignment, Inclusive Pedagogy, Student Motivation, Classroom Climate, Instructional Strategies, and Feedback and Assessment. The incredibly valuable resources in the toolkit supporting each domain of the framework include a list of evidence-based practices, self-reflection rubrics, examples, professional development opportunities, recommended readings, and reference lists.

View excerpt

Developmental and Self-Reflective

  • The TEF is the foundational component of the comprehensive Developing and Evaluating Teaching Toolkit. The toolkit includes a recommended process for annual review, options for goal setting, and tools for measuring teaching effectiveness. The recommended process for developing and evaluating teaching incorporates the TEF as a starting point for annual goal setting.
  • The TEF is designed to be developmental and self-reflective; it is not intended to be used as a stand-alone evaluative tool but rather as a resource for goal setting and reflection within an iterative process for annual review.
  • Meaningful measures of teaching must separate the impact of the instructor from the many other factors that affect the attainment of educational outcomes. Teaching is a developmental process that takes time, experience, reflection, and support; the TEF is intended to be used as a supportive and self-reflective tool to improve teaching effectiveness and student success.
Was this resource helpful?
04

Teaching Quality Standards (University of Oregon)

University of Oregon

This framework, which is situated in the University of Oregon context, centers on four interrelated “teaching evaluation standards”: professional, inclusive, engaged, and research-informed.

Headshot of Michael Palmer
Michael Palmer

While similar in content to other frameworks, this one is conceptually quite different. It connects the institution’s four teaching evaluation standards (professional, inclusive, engaged, and research-informed) to three sources of evidence (student experience, instructor reflection, and peer review). The interconnectedness is visually illustrated nicely.

View excerpt

Teaching is evaluated at the University of Oregon for a variety of reasons, including for promotion and tenure, contract renewal, and assignment of merit raises. Because these applications are so important to faculty members and the university, evaluation instruments and processes must be as equitable and transparent as possible.

Members of the UO community will be familiar with research on bias inflecting teaching evaluation, particularly the student evaluation of teaching. To mitigate bias and ensure that evaluation supports the development of UO’s teaching culture, the University of Oregon, led by the University Senate and Provost’s office, has launched a new Continuous Improvement and Evaluation of Teaching System.

UO's framework for the Continuous Improvement and Evaluation of Teaching aims to more transparently evaluate teaching with 1) a clear definition of teaching quality and 2) evidence from three sources: peers, students, and faculty themselves. The system also captures and honors the process of teaching improvement, core to the ethos of the Teaching Engagement Program.

In these pages, TEP offers guidance and resources for instructors and departments to support the work of teaching evaluation.

Was this resource helpful?
05

Critical Teaching Behaviors Framework

Critical Teaching Behaviors

This framework, which focuses almost exclusively on traditional teaching activities, consists of six defined categories, representative behaviors, and documentation an instructor can collect as evidence of engagement in these behaviors.

Headshot of Michael Palmer
Michael Palmer

If your focus is more traditional classroom-based teaching activities, this is a great resource, It describes six facets of effective teaching, types of “critical teaching behaviors” aligned with good practice, and ideas for evidentiary documents. The companion book includes in-depth descriptions of the critical teaching behaviors and a wealth of supporting tools, including peer observation and student feedback forms.

View excerpt

The CTB serves as a comprehensive system that helps instructors and administrators know good teaching when they see it.

  • The CTB defines six overarching categories of effective teaching behaviors based on extensive analysis of research on teaching and learning: align, include, engage, assess, integrate technology, and reflect.
  • For each category we identified specific behaviors instructors can implement and provide suggestions for evidence and artifacts they can collect to document their teaching practices.
  • To help instructors develop focused and cohesive narratives, we developed aligned peer observation and student feedback instruments to gather multiple perspectives on their teaching.
  • Feedback on teaching gathered with these materials is grounded by a common language that clarifies expectations and makes it easy to compare and contrast feedback from diverse audiences and reflect on professional growth over time.
Was this resource helpful?
06

Improving Teaching at the Institution Level with Lindsay Masland

Intentional Teaching Podcast

In this podcast interview, Lindsay Masland shares the process used at Appalachian State University to develop a new teaching effectiveness framework for the university.

Headshot of Michael Palmer
Michael Palmer

Sometimes it's useful to see a product, and sometimes it's useful to learn about the process that led to that product. This interview is about the process of developing and implementing a teaching effectiveness framework.

View excerpt

This is a story about institutional change. The product of that change—a new framework for assessing teaching quality now in use at Appalachian State University—is important, but the process that led to that change is just as important because it's by analyzing change processes that academic leaders can affect change on their campuses. 

In this episode, I talk with Lindsay Masland, interim executive director at the teaching center at Appalachian State University in North Carolina, who not only helped shape the new teaching quality framework at App State but also launched a grant program that has helped multiple departments do some really important work aligning their programs and policies and procedures with the framework. 

Was this resource helpful?

Want to recommend a resource to add to this collection? Send us an email.